DNA IN ANIMALS: THE DIFFERENCES BEWTEEN MITOCHONDRIAL DNA AND NUCLEAR DNA - BLOG PART 1
Purple Rain Game Breeding has conducted Nuclear DNA tests on all of our breeding Sable Antelope. We have done this to ensure that, in line with our ethos of selling animals of top genetic quality and bloodlines in a highly ethical manner, we are able to further determine and confirm maternal and paternal bloodlines, and as a result, the origin of our Sable Antelope as Zambian, Matetsi or Zambian X. All results will be made available on our website and to all potential buyers.
The introduction of Nuclear DNA testing is already, and will further become, of the utmost importance in the selling of Sable Antelope and other animals. This series of blog posts will cover this importance as well as to provide you with invaluable facts and information around DNA in Animal’s.
“Nuclear DNA is located within the nucleus of eukaryote cells and usually has two copies per cell while mitochondrial DNA is located in the mitochondria and contains 100-1,000 copies per cell.” Wikipedia
Mitochondrial DNA, (mtDNA) is found in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial DNA in animals is usually small (15 to 20kb) and encodes 37 genes. Variations in the size of an animal mtDNA are due primarily to duplications rather than the presence of additional genes. The typical mitochondrial gene complement includes 13 protein subunits of the enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, the two rRNAs of the mitochondrial ribosome, and the 22 tRNAs necessary for the translation of the proteins encoded In most species, including humans, mtDNA is inherited solely from the mother.
Nuclear DNA, or nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid (nDNA), is DNA contained within a nucleus of eukaryotic organisms. Nuclear DNA encodes for the majority of the genome in eukaryotes, with DNA located in mitochondria and plastids coding for the rest. Nuclear DNA adheres to Mendelian inheritance, with information coming from two parents, one male and one female, rather than matrilineally, as in mitochondrial DNA.
Sources
*https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_DNA
*https://www.idtdna.com/pages/docs/educational-resources/mitochondrial-dna.pdf?sfvrsn=4
*https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA
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